A GIS Approach to Tsunami Disaster Risk Zonation, Krabi, Thailand

要旨

Tsunami on 26 December 2004 smashed the Southern coastline of Thailand in many areas e.g. Phangna, Phuket and Krabi and caused colossal loss of human life, destruction of coastal infrastructures and disruption to economic activity. Krabi is a very beautiful and famous ecotourist province in Southern Thailand, which was devastated by terrible Tsunami disaster especially in Ao Nang, Noopharat thara, Tup Kaek, Phulay beach, Naammao bay, Railay beach, Ao Phranang bay, Klong Muang beach, Ko Lanta and Phi Phi islands. This paper presents an approach of using GIS to develop tsunami hazard map, tsunami vulnerability map and tsunami risk zone map for mitigating tsunami hazard to save human lives and infrastructure in future. These maps can serve the need for coastal planning to rebuild and redevelop the region in term of tsunami prevention and mitigation and to prevent from tsunami hazard if it happens again. Multi-criteria spatial decision support system has been used by utilizing Analytical Hierarchal Process (AHP) by the prioritization of the factors. Vulnerability map was prepared focusing primarily mainly in terms of human lives safety rather than infrastructure.